Pipeline stress analysis - HZQ Engineering Limited

1. Standards and codes used for pipeline stress analysis

• CSA Z662, Oil and gas pipeline systems
  

• ASME B31.4, Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquid Hydrocarbons or other Liquids
  

• ASME B31.8, Gas transmission and Distribution Piping Systems
  

• American Lifeline Alliance, Guidelines for the Design of Buried Steel Pipe
  

• WRC 425, a Review of Methods for  Analysis of Buried Pressure Piping
  

2. Some calculations requied for underground pipeline

• API 1102, Road crossing or Railway crossing
  

• Pipe Ovality or Deflection
  

• Pipe Thermal Bowing  
  

• Pipe Ring Buckling
  

• Pipe Buoyancy